| Leadership is based on two words, "pressure and | | | | one will take them seriously so they have to push |
| support"and that the leadership is the power to | | | | and make themselves known to the world and allow |
| influence people to move in a direction that you | | | | the world to see their capabilities while male owners |
| believe in your heart is a good direction for most | | | | don't have to worry about the struggle of fitting in |
| people" (Fennell, 1999, p. 267). Adams and Yoder | | | | and trying to live and work up to societies standards |
| noted that "evidence from contemporary studies on | | | | because since they are men they are already have |
| sex-roles and leadership indicates that men and | | | | the macho man persona and the alterego that men |
| women, with similar education, career aspirations and | | | | have.2. Women have to fight harder and be stronger |
| training, have basically identical scores on measures of | | | | if they want to live and work in a man's world you |
| psychological masculinity and femininity." In other | | | | have to adopt to the surronding don't expect a man |
| words, the traits we assume are important in good | | | | to be a gentlmen and hold the door open for you, |
| leadership can be found among people of both | | | | don't expect him to do anything out of the ordinary |
| genders.What makes a leader is a complex question. | | | | that a man would do for a female because in a |
| It includes factors from the environment in which an | | | | sense you should be getting treated like his fellow |
| individual was raised, his or her family situation, and | | | | counterparts and not expect differently. In order to |
| his or her personality traits. . The following discussion | | | | fit in with the men you have to in a sense think, |
| is a summary of my own observations plus some of | | | | work and act like them meaning don't think that they |
| the conclusions of othersAccording to an overview | | | | will treat you like the female you are. You have to |
| of research conducted by me ,women are a | | | | be strong not every man that you encounter will |
| fast-growing segment of the business community | | | | treat you like this but in order to show off your |
| worldwide. The leadership characteristics required to | | | | strengths you should expect this.3. It's extremely |
| make a success in this new reality are very much | | | | obvious that women have come a long way as |
| "feminine characteristics". These characteristics | | | | successful professionals. Life in the workplace has |
| include:1) Self-confidence, an independent mind-set | | | | become much more diversified as an increased |
| and a willingness to take risks | | | | number of women have made their presence felt in |
| 2) Ability to balance work and family (most are | | | | many industries and professions. The female task |
| married) | | | | force has expanded with exponential strength, and |
| 3) Self-confidence, an independent mind-set and a | | | | thus has its dire importance in the professional world. |
| willingness to take risks | | | | Whether they like it or not, men have to accept, |
| 4) About 40 to 60 years old | | | | once and for all, that women are marching up the |
| 5) Well educated with high skills in management and | | | | corporate ladder confidently and with full speed |
| entrepreneurship | | | | ahead.4. Women used to be much more "quiet and |
| 6) Integration of personal and profession | | | | passive" in the workplace due to the relatively small |
| 7) Intuition | | | | number of female employees in comparison to males. |
| 8) Social skills | | | | Women today, on the other hand, have begun |
| 9) Direction | | | | assuming their positions by using all their God given |
| 10) -Hires competent, trustworthy people (not | | | | powers of intelligence and organization. Warren Farrell, |
| putting priority on loyalty) | | | | author of Why Men Are the Way They Are, explains |
| 11) -See communication and conflict resolution as | | | | that men are jealous of the "beauty power" that |
| key to organizational success | | | | allows women to get certain things based on their |
| 12) Men and women tend to lead in different | | | | physical assets. Perhaps it's less that women use their |
| ways.Namely, women leadership strategy is based on | | | | beauty, and more likely that men judge them based |
| family pattern. It means that | | | | on their physical beauty5. The reasons that people |
| women tend to view solving problems differently | | | | start and lead business among women is to bring in |
| than men. Women tend to be more holistic in their | | | | and focus on a clientele of mainly women. Most times |
| thinking. | | | | women start business that deal with products that |
| 13) Leaders must be conscious of what is perceived | | | | women use, such as clothes, makeup and home |
| by others and develop strategies that are proactive | | | | products. The most successful companies run by |
| in building success. Marcano (1997) described this as | | | | women are ones that use women's special skills. |
| "know thyself" and further stated that it is important | | | | These special skills are style, fiscal sense and public |
| to be honest and objective when evaluating your | | | | relations. Their strengths as business owners are their |
| strengths and abilities, as well as your goals | | | | public relations and the clientele they bring in. There |
| 14) Continual professional growth | | | | weakness as business owners is the overcoming of |
| 15) Leaders need to have a clear sense of their own | | | | sexism that exists. There biggest fear is finding |
| vision and beliefsResearching - Case study of Serbia | | | | clientele that will due business with a women.. I think |
| I presented the latest results of researching related | | | | these men feel this way because they are insecure.6. |
| to women leaders and their position in the business | | | | I simply think that women just became even more |
| world,i.e. how does people look at ( divided into | | | | smarter. Speaking from a personal point of view, I |
| sex,ages and level of education) women leaders and | | | | know that being happy and successful are very |
| if they trust them. My scientific task was to make | | | | important to me. They go hand in hand. Most of the |
| some conclusions and to point out some special | | | | women I know feel the same way. I believe that as |
| characteristics of Serbia and Balkan region. We can | | | | the years progress women will be involved in an |
| see different opinions related to our questions : | | | | even bigger part of the economy, because young |
| Do you trust to women-leaders? Could they be | | | | girls are going to follow their female role models.7. |
| equaly successful in business world like men?- | | | | Personally I feel that some high qualified positions are |
| Methodology- Interviews conducted from 1.476 | | | | better suited to a women because men have |
| people ,726 women and 750 men- Interviewed | | | | humungous ego problems8. I personally think that |
| people were between 18 and 60 years old- In the | | | | women can do whatever men do sometimes better. |
| whole structure of respondents 30% were owners- | | | | there have always been a glass ceiling for women in |
| 73 % were married ,19 % single and 8% divorced.- A | | | | the work force however, many women are getting |
| few key findings are listed below:- The barriers to | | | | closer to this ceiling and some of them has at least |
| women's advancement in business are remarkably | | | | attempted to break through this ceiling. the reason |
| similar across Balkan region and the biggest cities in | | | | many people think that women are not capable of |
| the Serbia- Belgrade ,Novi Sad and Nis.- The women | | | | being in the work force is because of the conotation |
| respondents trust to women leaders ( 63 %) and | | | | that has been here for like for ever, "women should |
| most of them prefer to work in some firm where is | | | | stay home and take care of the home".9. We need |
| a woman leader or executive manager.Also they | | | | to stop complaing about how much work we have or |
| think that the women want to reach the top, and | | | | how hard it is and just complete. The more we |
| are equaly ambitious like men.- Most respondents | | | | compain about the work, the more the man is going |
| (60%) say that Corporate Culture is the most | | | | to say that things should go to how they used to be |
| significant barrier to women achieving top executive | | | | in the old days, which was The man works and when |
| positions, while only twenty-nine percent (29%) think | | | | he comes home he gets treated as if he is |
| work/family balance is a significant barrier to | | | | something golden and special while tlelign us we are |
| advancement and 36% believe that a lack of | | | | worthless. The woman can not go to work becuase |
| self-promotion holds women back from achieving | | | | she needs to stay home with the children and cook |
| top-level positions- The majority of men in research | | | | and clean the house. I am glad i live in this century |
| had negative attitude against women executives. In | | | | becuase honestly i do not know how i woud've been |
| other words they expressed stereotypes and | | | | able to live up to those expectationsAt last we can |
| preconceptions about women's roles and abilities in | | | | conclude that the woman are now much more |
| business. Men stress that women have lack of | | | | motivated and ready to reach their professional |
| general management experience ,lack of skills and | | | | dreams and be leaders ,not only in Serbia and Balkan |
| knowledge and lack of role models.Respondents | | | | region , but all over the world then they once were. |
| among men almost gave the similar replies related to | | | | Until recently, entrepreneurship was considered by |
| our questions as a following :1.We are here Balkan | | | | many to be the last bastion of male dominance in the |
| and we are argue for traditional model of society2. | | | | business world. This is no longer true. More |
| Women have been fighting for equal rights for nearly | | | | businesses are now being started by women than |
| all of time and now that they have it they expect | | | | are being started by men. However,there are still a |
| special treatment because they are females | | | | lot of men who don't think women should be in these |
| . | | | | positions and hold no respect for them at all. As time |
| 3.I do not trust women in business and I do not | | | | goes on, women are going to be a bigger and bigger |
| accept them seriously | | | | part of the business world, and these men are just |
| 4.I am afraid of those women | | | | going to have to accept it and face a reality check, |
| 5. I hate feminist community and culture | | | | because no matter what they feel and how much |
| 6. Women must stay at home and be leaders in | | | | they are against it, the world is changing and it's |
| their families but not in business word. Leader position | | | | going to happen regardless of how they feel.Mirjana |
| in business is reserved for men | | | | Radovic, Ph.D.,Program Director of Master |
| 7. Women leaders are actually men dressed like | | | | Program,"ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR WOMEN" |
| women | | | | -Akamai University,USA |
| It is very interesting that a great amount of men do | | | | go to link |
| not make difference between women leaders and | | | | The topics of the program include affirmative action, |
| women feminists ,who are not very popular in this | | | | access to debt and equity capital, the growth of |
| region. And about 20 % of women respondents in | | | | women-led businesses in non-traditional sectors, |
| the research share mentioned opinion with the men. | | | | work-life balance and the development of resource |
| About 10 % of men respondents are afraid of | | | | networks. Thie program is especially suited to women |
| women domination in the business world,because it | | | | who want to own or assume a management position |
| could change natural balance between women and | | | | in a women-owned business. It also is intended for |
| men and to decrease traditional role of the men in | | | | students who are prospective entrepreneurs and |
| society and family.Therefore, they would not like | | | | those interested in being entrepreneurial supporters |
| domination of the business women in the 21 st | | | | (bankers, venture capitalists, lawyers, accountants, |
| century. | | | | private investors, advisers and inventorsDr. Radovic |
| It is also very indicative that among young women | | | | has spent over twenty years as a scientist. She has |
| (18-35) exist the great interest for leadership and | | | | been a professor, a researcher and an author of |
| entrepreneurship and they more than earlier explore | | | | eight books devoted to business management and |
| opportunities to reach their professional goals. | | | | entrepreneurship. Dr. Radovic has written numerous |
| Namely, they expressed their opinion with the | | | | articles, reviews and essays in a number of |
| following words:1. Female owners and leaders have | | | | professional journals and popular magazines. |
| more of a struggle because they are females and no | | | | |